Effect of the probiotic strain Phaeobacter gallaeciensis after bacterial challenge on the complete larval development of Pecten maximus

¹ Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
² UR Ifremer PFOM, UMR 6539 LEMAR (CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer), Centre de Bretagne, Ifremer, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France

^a Corresponding author: rejean_tremblay@uqar.qc.ca

Received: 28 April 2014
Accepted: 23 June 2014

Abstract

The aim of this project was to evaluate the impact of probiotic (Phaeobacter gallaeciensis, X34 strain) treatment on the complete development (from veliger to metamorphosis) of Pecten maximus larvae in the context of a bacterial challenge and in conditions more representative of hatchery practices. To that effect, the present study was divided into two main steps. In the first, we used in vitro analyses (antibiograms and microplate assays) to validate the inhibition abilities of X34 on the growth of four Vibrio pathogen species. During the second step, we added pathogens (Vibrio pectenicida) into rearing tanks after two weeks of pre-treatment with the probiotic and then followed the larval development of Pecten maximus through the monitoring of survival rates, shell lengths and metamorphosis ability. Moreover, antioxidant (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and lipids peroxidation activities were also measured after bacterial challenge in order to evaluate the physiological response of larvae to pathogen exposition. Our results indicated an activation of the two selected antioxidant enzymes after bacterial challenge, but the increase was significantly lower in probiotic treated larvae. At the end of the experiment, the strain X34 treatment prevented a mass mortality event and showed a significant increase in the number of individuals reaching competence, when compared to untreated larvae.