Open Access

Table 2

Summary of RRA responses on invasion pathway and impacts of O. niloticus in Panam Reservoir.

Thematic category Key observation from respondents No. of respondents % respondents Interpretation
Introduction pathway Escape from cage culture 29 82.9 % Primary entry pathway
Not aware 6 17.1 % Knowledge gap
Spread and dominance Tilapia dominant in present catches 28 80.0% Established population
Native fish decline Decline of Labeo spp. 20 57.1% Perceived decline
Decline of carps 26 74.3% Major decline group perceived
Decline of catfishes 12 34.3% Moderate decline perceived
Ecological changes Increase in water turbidity 14 40 % Feeding disturbance noticed
Reduction in macrophytes 9 25.7% Relatively low perception of grazing pressure
Fishery impact Lower market value of catch 26 74.3% Economic concern
Higher biomass but lower income 21 60.0% Quantity vs value issue
Management perception Tilapia considered harmful 29 82.9% Negative perception
Need for control measures 31 88.6% Strong consensus

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