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All issues Volume 36 (2023) Aquat. Living Resour., 36 (2023) 19 Full HTML
Open Access

Table 1

Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei.

Ingredients (%) Experimental diets
T0 T15 T30 T60 T100
Fishmeal1 24 20.4 16.8 9.6 0
Mealworm meal 0 3.6 7.2 14.4 24
Soybean meal 28 28 28 28 28
Shrimp by-product meal 10 10 10 10 10
Fish oil2 2 2 2 2 2
Wheat meal 8 8 8 8 8
Wheat bran 14 13.58 13.73 13.31 12.58
Soybean oil3 5 4 3 2 1
Mineral premix4 1 1 1 1 1
Vitamin premix5 2 2 2 2 2
Cholesterol 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Soybean lecithin 2 2 2 2 2
DL-Methionine 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Vitamin C 1 1 1 1 1
Kaolin 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Binder 1.5 1.65 1.77 2.19 2.65
Filler 0 1 2 3 4
  Proximate composition
Protein (%) 37.61 37.45 37.31 36.97 36.68
Lipid (%) 8.97 8.93 8.24 9.89 12.98
Ash (%) 21.17 20.84 19.77 18.03 15.78
Moisture (%) 9.65 9.32 9.43 8.77 8.11
NFE6 22.60 23.46 25.25 26.07 26.45
Gross Energy (MJ g−1) 1.64 1.65 1.65 1.72 1.84

1 FanavaranDarya Co., Shiraz, Iran (Matota fishmeal; Engraulidae).

2 Havorash (Bushehr, Iran).

3 Product of Kesht Va Sanat Shomal Vegetable Oil Factories Complex (Neca, Iran).

4 Mineral mixture (mg kg−1 mixture): Co, 40; I, 220; Se, 300; Zn, 10,000; Fe, 3500; Cu, 4000; Mn, 6000.

5 Vitamin added to supply the following (per kg diet): vitamin A, 80,000 IU; vitamin D3, 2000 IU; vitamin E, 100 mg; vitamin K, 20 mg; thiamin, 60 mg; riboflavin, 60 mg; pyridoxine, 100 mg; pantothenic acid, 150 mg; niacin, 300 mg; biothin, 2 mg; folic acid, 20 mg; vitamin B12, 0.1 mg; inositol, 300 mg; ascorbic acid, 600 mg; choline chloride, 3000 mg.

6 Nitrogen-free extracts (NFE) = 100 − (crude protein + crude lipid +fiber + ash).

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