Table 1
Formulation and proximate composition of experimental diets.
| Ingredients (g ∙ 100 g−1) | Diet A (0% EM) | Diet B (2% EM) | Diet C (4% EM) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fish meal (72% CP) | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Extruded full fat Soybean meal (37% CP) | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| Yellow corn | 20 | 19 | 18 |
| Wheat bran | 12 | 11 | 10 |
| EM* | 0.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 |
| Fish oil | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Starch | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Vit. & Min. & premix | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Total | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| chemical analysis % on Dry matter basis | |||
| Moisture (M) | 6.93 | 8.09 | 9.41 |
| Dry matter (DM) | 93.07 | 91.91 | 90.59 |
| Crude protein (CP) | 36.22 | 35.72 | 35.80 |
| Ether extract (EE) | 15.13 | 18.70 | 18.10 |
| Total carbohydrate | 40.32 | 37.28 | 37.88 |
| Ash | 8.33 | 8.30 | 8.22 |
| Gross energy (GE, kJ ∙ g−1)** | 21.60 | 22.35 | 22.25 |
Notice: Chemical analysis was determined according to A.O.A.C. (2010) and total carbohydrate was calculated by difference.
*EM effective microorganism was produced by ministry of Egyptian environment under supervision Effective microorganism research organize in japan. EM includes lactic acid bacteria, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and other organisims at the same amount as it was analyzed by Guim et al. (2002) who found lactic acid bacteria by 1×105 CFU ∙ ml−1, saccharomyces was 2 × 106 CFU ∙ ml−1 and few amount of photosynthetic bacteria and actenomyces.
**Calculated according to NRC (2011).
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