Implications of pond fertilization on fish performance, health, effluent, and sediment quality in tambaqui aquaculture

Open Access

Table 3

Pond sediment parameters in fertilized and unfertilized ponds during tambaqui Colossoma macropomum rearing for 10 months.

Parameters	Time	Treatments		P-value

		Fert	No Fert	Treat	Time	Treat*Time
pH	Initial	6.1 ± 0.3 a	6.6 ± 0.4 b	0.0193	0.0666	0.1081
	5 months	6.5 ± 0.2 a	6.4 ± 0.3 b
	10 months	6.5 ± 0.2 a	6.8 ± 0.2 b
Organic Matter (g kg⁻¹)	Initial	27.2 ± 9.7 ACa	15.7 ± 7.3 ACb	0.0005	0.0129	0.5341
	5 months	16.0 ± 8.2 Aa	17.7 ± 4.9 Ab
	10 months	30.2 ± 6.9 BCa	28.2 ± 11.1 BCb
Organic Carbon (g kg⁻¹)	Initial	15.8 ± 5.7 ACa	9.2 ± 4.2 ACb	0.0007	0.0141	0.5233
	5 months	9.3 ± 4.8 Aa	10.3 ± 2.9 Ab
	10 months	17.6 ± 4.0 BCa	16.4 ± 6.4 BCb
P (mg kg⁻¹)*	Initial	6.5 ± 0.6 A	8.2 ± 4.1 A	0.6138	0.0001	0.7925
	5 months	20.2 ± 14.8 B	20.2 ± 8.3 B
	10 months	102.0 ± 69.7 C	79.7 ± 56.3 C
N (mg Kg⁻¹)	Initial	980 ± 128 AB	875 ± 294 AB	0.5957	0.0002	0.1727
	5 months	1032 ± 304 B	1050 ± 57 B
	10 months	1505 ± 345 C	1937 ± 410 C
K (mmol dm⁻³)	Initial	1.3 ± 0.1 AB	1.1 ± 0.1 AB	0.7756	0.0005	0.0800
	5 months	1.0 ± 0.1 B	1.1 ± 0.1 B
	10 months	1.3 ± 0.1 AB	1.3 ± 0.0 AB
Ca (mmol dm⁻³)	Initial	20.5 ± 5.8	25.5 ± 2.1	0.2862	0.0515	0.0785
	5 months	23.2 ± 4.3	17.2 ± 3.8
	10 months	28.0 ± 4.7	24.5 ± 3.1
Mg (mmol dm⁻³)	Initial	10.3 ± 3.5 Aa	17.5 ± 7.8 ACb	0.4992	0.0132	0.0269
	5 months	14.5 ± 2.1 ACa	10.75 ± 2.1 BCa
	10 months	17.7 ± 6.2 BCa	17.5 ± 3.1 Aa
Total Sand (g Kg⁻¹)	Initial	445 ± 106 b	282 ± 100 a	0.0014	0.0672	0.7826
	5 months	300 ± 102 b	210 ± 58 a
	10 months	305 ± 97 b	197 ± 90 a

* BoxCox-transformed data; Different lower-case letters in the same row indicate significant difference between treatments, and different upper-case letters in the same column indicate difference in time (P < 0.05).

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