Implications of pond fertilization on fish performance, health, effluent, and sediment quality in tambaqui aquaculture

Open Access

Table 2

Effluent quality parameters in grow-out of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum reared for 10 months in fertilized (Fert) and unfertilized (NoFert) ponds. Treat = treatment.

Parameters	Treatments		P-value

	Fert	NoFert	Treat	Time	Treat*Time
Production parameters
Stocked biomass (kg ha⁻¹)	375 ± 60	375 ± 60	–	–	–
Initial body weight (g)	93.8 ± 15.0	93.8 ± 15.0	–	–	–
Harvested biomass (kg ha⁻¹)	6208 ± 329	6312 ± 201	0.7552	–	–
Final body weight (g)	1697 ± 89	1628 ± 64	0.2525	–	–
Feed conversion ratio	2.04 ± 0.04 b	2.22 ± 0.08 a	0.0090	–	–
Water quality parameters
Dissolved oxygen (mg L⁻¹)	4.09 ± 0.31	3.61 ± 0.36	0.0006	<0.0001	0.0038
Turbidity (NTU)*	29.90 ± 20.18 b	40.35 ± 20.57 a	0.0007	<0.0001	0.1014
BOD (mg L⁻¹)	2.68 ± 1.72	2.95 ± 1.68	0.1529	<0.0001	0.0131
Ammonia (mg L⁻¹)	6.45 ± 4.74	6.68 ± 6.76	0.8682	<0.0001	0.2613
Total Nitrogen (mg L⁻¹)*	5.72 ± 2.99	5.83 ± 3.32	0.9481	<0.0001	0.0241
Nitrate (mg L⁻¹)	0.50 ± 0.28	0.43 ± 0.19	0.0165	<0.0001	<0.0001
Total Phosphorus (mg L⁻¹)*	0.39 ± 0.23 a	0.33 ± 0.22 b	0.0424	0.0001	0.7673
Total dissolved phosphorus (mg L⁻¹)	0.24 ± 0.15 a	0.17 ± 0.10 b	0.0007	<0.0001	0.3397
Chlorophyll-a (mg L⁻¹)*	17.06 ± 16.48	10.71 ± 8.29	0.0023	0.0001	0.0396
Plankton community
Phytoplankton density (Individuals L⁻¹)	391 ± 492	272 ± 275	0.1008	<0.0001	<0.0001
Zooplankton density (Individuals L⁻¹) *	1079 ± 261	716 ± 191	0.0561	0.0005	0.1621

* BoxCox-transformed data; Different lower-case letters indicate significant difference between treatments (P < 0.05).

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