Invasive Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) impacts the survivability and growth of native food fishes in India

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Table 5

Mean (± SE) values of water quality parameters of 30-day samples over the experimental period in outdoor and mesocosm competition experiment.

Parameters	Outdoor competition experiment			Mesocosm competition experiment

	C	T₁	T₂	C	T₁
Temperature (°C)	27.12 ± 0.28^a	26.96 ± 0.23^a	27.03 ± 0.36^a	27.48 ± 0.41^a	27.72 ± 0.34^a
pH	7.56 ± 0.06^a	7.69 ± 0.09^a	7.62 ± 0.08^a	7.54 ± 0.15^a	7.48 ± 0.19^a
DO (mg L⁻¹)	6.13 ± 0.22^a	6.41 ± 0.17^a	6.32 ± 0.25^a	5.96 ± 0.27^a	6.02 ± 0.22^a
Alkalinity (mg L⁻¹)	147.87 ± 1.96^a	144.25 ± 2.28^a	149.12 ± 2.05^a	141.76 ± 1.84^a	143.07 ± 1.49^a
Hardness (mg L⁻¹)	140.12 ± 1.94^a	138.12 ± 2.17^a	141.23 ± 1.55^a	136.76 ± 2.75^a	137.69 ± 2.61^a
TAN (mg L⁻¹)	0.062 ± 0.004^a	0.075 ± 0.007^a	0.069 ± 0.003^a	0.093 ± 0.014^a	0.107 ± 0.019^a
NO₃–N (mg L⁻¹)	0.14 ± 0.01^a	0.21 ± 0.015^a	0.18 ± 0.012^a	0.22 ± 0.013^a	0.24 ± 0.012^a

None of the parameter varied significantly between treatment in outdoor (p > 0.05; One-way ANOVA) and mesocosm (p > 0.05; independent t test) competition experiment. Abbreviations: DO, dissolved oxygen; TAN, total ammonia nitrogen; NO₃–N, nitrate–nitrogen.

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