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Table 2

Lactic acid bacteria application in aquaculture and its effect on reproduction of aquatic host.

Probiotic species Fish species Effect Sources
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Danio rerio
Danio rerio
Danio rerio
Danio rerio
Fundulus
heteroclitus
Anguilla
anguilla
Induced remarkable changes in the maternal and zygotic control of F1 fish, enabling them to undergo a faster and more successful embryonic development.
Induce follicles maturation process
Enhance follicles development and embryo quality
Estradiol receptor, vtg, cyclin B, activinβA1, smad2 gene expression increase
Enhance gonadal growth, fecundity and embryo survival
Enhance sperm count
Miccoli et al., 2015
Gioacchini et al., 2012
Carnevali et al., 2013
Gioacchini et al., 2011b
Lombardo et al., 2011b
Vílchez et al., 2015
Pediococcus acidilactici Carassius auratus Improvement of reproductive functions − high percentage and duration of sperm motility, absolute fertility and success of fertilization Mehdinejad et al., 2018
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and
Lacticaseibacillus casei
Danio rerio Up-regulate the expression of leptin, kiss2, gnrh3, fsh, lh, hcgr, and paqr8 genes responsible for fecundity and follicle maturation Qin et al., 2014

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