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Table 1
Toxicity of different essential oils and its major compounds for different fish species.
| Fish species | Substances | LC50 | Exposure time | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oncorhynchus mykis | Salvia officinalis (30%), Thymus vulgaris (30%), Mentha piperita (20%) and Eucalyptus globulus (20%) | 36.0 mg L−1 | 96 h | Mousavi et al. (2012) |
| Arapaima gigas | Mentha piperita | 38.0 mg L−1 | 4 h | Malheiros et al. (2016) |
| Oncorhynchus mykis | Thyme | 3.0 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhynchus mykis | α-terpineol | 1.8 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhynchus mykis | Thyme, α-terpineol and eugenol | 11.5 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhynchus kisutch | Thyme | 20.5 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhynchus kisutch | α-terpineol | 6.3 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhynchus kisutch | Thyme, α-terpineol and eugenol | 13.2 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Carassius auratus | Cinnamaldehyde | 13.3 mg L−1 | 48 h | Ling et al. (2015) |
| Carassius auratus | Cinnamic | 59.7 mg L−1 | 48 h | Ling et al. (2015) |
| Oncorhynchus kisutch | Eugenol | 66.1 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Danio rerio | Eugenol | 18.2 mg L−1 | 96 h | Doleželová et al. (2011) |
| Danio rerio | Eugenol | 21.0 mg L−1 | 96 h | Grush et al. (2004) |
| Danio rerio | Eugenol | 15.6 mg L−1 | 168 h | Mácová et al. (2008) |
| Danio rerio | Eugenol | 18.2 mg L−1 | 96 h | Mácová et al. (2008) |
| Betta splendens | Eugenol | 30.6 mg L−1 | 48 h | Pattanasiri et al. (2017) |
| Poecilia reticulata | Eugenol | 21.7 mg L−1 | 96 h | Doleželová et al. (2011) |
| Cyprinus carpio | Eugenol | 18.1 mg L−1 | 96 h | Velisek et al. (2005) |
| Oreochromis niloticus | Eugenol | 184.3 mg L−1 | 10 min | Vidal et al. (2008) |
| Piaractus brachypomus | Eugenol | 18.2 mg L−1 | 24 h | Marín-Mendez et al. (2012) |
| Ctenopharyngodon idella | Eugenol | 0.051 µL/L | 72 h | Kumar (2015) |
| Ctenopharyngodon idella | Eugenol | 0.030 µL/L | 72 h | Kumar (2015) |
| Oreochromis niloticus | Eugenol | 16.9 mg L−1 | 24 h | Charoendat and Areechon (2009) |
| Oreochromis niloticus | Eugenol | 71.7 mg L−1 | 10 min | Pratte-Santos and Carrielo (2009) |
| Carassius auratus | Eugenol | 31.3 mg L−1 | 24 h | Gholipourkanani et al. (2015) |
| Oncorhynchus mykis | Eugenol | 4.2 mg L−1 | 96 h | Stroh et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhyncus mykiss | Eugenol | 9.0 mg L−1 | 92 h | Keene et al. (1998) |
| Oncorhynchus mykiss | Eugenol | 81.1 mg L−1 | 10 min | Velisek et al. (2005) |
| Oncorhynchus mykiss | Eugenol | 14.1 mg L−1 | 96 h | Velisek et al. (2005) |
| Leporinus macrocephalus | Eugenol | 45.1 mg L−1 | 10 min | Vidal et al. (2007) |
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