Ovulation rate, latency period and ova viability after GnRH- or hCG-induced breeding in the Asian catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus(Siluriformes, Pangasiidae)

¹ Institut de recherche pour le développement, Instalasi Penelitian Perikanan Air Tawar, Jl. Ragunan, Pasar Minggu, P.O. Box 7220/jkspm, 12540 Jakarta, Indonesia
² Research Institute for Freshwater Fisheries, Jl. Raya II, Sukamandi, 41256 Subang, Indonesia

Received: 2 November 1999
Accepted: 20 March 2000

Abstract

Over a 3-year period at the Sukamandi station (West Java, Indonesia), 107 Pangasius hypophthalmus females were selected on the basis of a modal oocyte diameter greater than 1.0 mm and treated with either Ovaprim (n = 97) or hCG (n = 10) to induce oocyte maturation and ovulation. The two hormonal treatments led to similar results in terms of ovulation rate (88 and 90 %), hatching rate (72 ± 25 and 82 ± 11 %) and relative fecundity (171000 ± 73000 and 128000 ± 60000 ova·kg^–1, with Ovaprim and hCG, respectively). The latency period between the last hormone injection and ovulation was negatively correlated to water temperature but showed important variations at a same temperature depending on individual females (e.g. between 5 and 11 h at 28–29 °C). The ovulation time was therefore difficult to predict accurately in this species. The assessment of the viability of ova retained in the ovarian cavity after ovulation showed that the process of overripening occurs rapidly in P. hypophthalmus. The overall quality of ova began to decline as early as 2 h after ovulation and, after 3 h, hatching rates decreased and the proportion of deformed larvae increased significantly in comparison to those observed at the time of ovulation. In some individual females this process occurred even more rapidly, with a sharp decrease in hatching rates between 1 and 2 h post-ovulation. The duration of ova survival did not appear to depend on the type of hormone treatment used to induce ovulation (Ovaprim or hCG). For optimized gamete management in hatcheries, it is therefore recommended to check carefully the females for the occurrence of ovulation (between 3 and 11 h after the last hormone injection, depending on water temperature) and to strip and fertilize the eggs less than 2 h thereafter.