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Issue Aquat. Living Resour.
Volume 17, Number 3, July-September 2004
The "Erika" Oil Spill: Environmental Contamination and Effects in the Bay of Biscay
Page(s) 329 - 334
DOI 10.1051/alr:2004040

Aquat. Living Resour. 17 (2004) 329-334
DOI: 10.1051/alr:2004040

Link between exposure of fish (Solea solea) to PAHs and metabolites: Application to the "Erika" oil spill

Hélène Budzinski1, Olivier Mazéas1, 2, Jacek Tronczynski2, Yves Désaunay3, Gilles Bocquené2 and Guy Claireaux4

1  Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie des Systèmes Naturels, UMR 5472 CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
2  IFREMER, DEL/PC, Centre de Nantes, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
3  IFREMER, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Halieutique, Centre de Nantes, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
4  CREMA, Place du Séminaire, BP 5, 17137 L'Houmeau, France

(Received 6 January 2004; Accepted 9 September 2004)

Abstract
An analytical method consisting in enzymatic deconjugation, solid phase extraction and purification, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis after derivatization was used in this study to quantify Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites in the bile of fish. The method has been applied in a laboratory experiment studying the fate of pyrene in basin containing soles. This study has allowed the identification of 1-hydroxypyrene as the single metabolite in bile after enzymatic deconjugation. In a second time, 1-hydroxypyrene has been used as a biomarker of exposure in the case of the "Erika" oil spill. This biomonitoring was successful in demonstrating the exposure of juvenile soles to PAHs present in the "Erika" fuel oil.


Résumé
Dans cette étude, a été utilisée une méthode analytique, consistant en différentes étapes de déconjugaison enzymatique, d'extraction et de purification de la phase solide, et enfin d'analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse/spectrométrie de masse, après dérivation, pour quantifier les métabolites d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) présents dans la bile de poisson. La méthode a été appliquée expérimentalement à l'étude du devenir du pyrène chez des soles maintenues en bassins. Cette étude a permis l'identification du 1-hydroxypyrène comme unique métabolite de la bile après déconjugaison enzymatique. Dans un second temps, le 1-hydroxypyrène a été utilisé chez la sole comme biomarqueur de l'exposition dans le cas de la marée noire de l'"Erika". Ce bio-suivi a démontré l'exposition des juvéniles de soles aux HAP présents dans le fioul de l'"Erika".


Key words: PAH metabolites / Fish / Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Corresponding author: h.budzinski@lptc.u-bordeaux1.fr

© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2004


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