EDP Sciences Journals List
Free access article

Issue Aquat. Living Resour.
Volume 17, Number 2, April-June 2004
Page(s) 201 - 206
DOI 10.1051/alr:2004011

Aquat. Living Resour. 17 (2004) 201-206
DOI: 10.1051/alr:2004011

Induction of gynogenetic diploids and cytological studies in the zhikong scallop, Chlamys farreri

Ying Pan1, 2, Qi Li1, Ruihai Yu1 and Rucai Wang1

1  Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, PR China
2  College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 75 Xiuling Road, 530005 Nanning, PR China

(Received 29 October 2003; Accepted 19 January 2004)

Abstract
The induction of gynogenetic diploids during meiosis II in the scallop Chlamys farreri was attempted using the treatments of cytochalasin B (0.5  $\mu$g ml -1; CB) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (60  $\mu$g ml -1; 6-DMAP). The effects of CB and 6-DMAP treatments on meiosis and fertilization of eggs were also examined. Haploid gynogenesis was induced by sperm which were ultraviolet-irradiated for 30 s at an intensity of 2561  $\mu$W cm -2 s -1. CB and 6-DMAP treatments were highly effective in suppressing meiosis II, yielding 19% and 28% gynogenetic diploids, respectively. Compared with the CB treatment, the 6-DMAP treatment produced more expected D-shaped larvae. Cytological observations revealed that 6-DMAP inhibited pronuclear movements and the segregation of chromosomes, resulting in the formation of one big diploid female pronucleus with strong fluorescence, while CB inhibited cytokinesis, resulting in two female pronuclei formations. The UV-irradiated sperm nucleus developed into a male pronucleus, but did not participate in karyokinesis at mitotic anaphase, suggesting that gynogenetic diploids were induced in the scallop.

Résumé
L'induction de diploïdes gynogénétiques a été effectuée durant la seconde division méiotique (méiose II), chez le pétoncle Chlamys farreri, par traitement à la cytochalasine B (0,5  $\mu$g ml -1; CB) et à la 6-diméthylaminopurine (60  $\mu$g ml -1; 6-DMAP). Les effets des traitements à la CB et à la 6-DMAP ont aussi été examinés sur la méiose et la fertilisation des oeufs. La gynogenèse haploïde est induite par du sperme irradié aux ultra-violets pendant 30 s, à une intensité de 2561  $\mu$W cm -2 s -1. Les traitements à la CB et 6-DMAP ont été très efficaces en supprimant la méiose II, rapportant 19 % et 28 % de diploïdes gynogénétiques, respectivement. Le traitement à la 6-DMAP, comparé à celui de CB, produit davantage de larves-D. Des observations cytologiques révèlent que la 6-DMAP inhibe les mouvements nucléaires et la ségrégation des chromosomes, ayant pour résultat la formation d'un seul pronucléus femelle diploïde avec une forte fluorescence, tandis que la CB inhibe la cytocinétique, ayant pour résultat la formation de 2 pronucléus femelles. Le noyau des spermatozoïdes irradiés aux UV se développe dans un pronucléus mâle, mais n'a pas participé à l'anaphase mitotique de la caryogenèse, ce qui laisse penser que des diploïdes gynogénétiques sont induits chez ces pétoncles.


Key words: Gynogenetic / Cytology / Bivalve / Chlamys farreri

Corresponding author: qili66@mail.ouc.edu.cn

© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2004


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